quarta-feira, 20 de maio de 2009
ASTROLOGIA E A FORTE LIGAÇÂO COM A ARQUIOLOGIA
Neugebauer, Otto E., "Jahreszeiten Tageslängen und in der babylonischen Astronomia", Osiris, 2 (1936), 517-550 [JSTOR link].
Neugebauer, Otto E., "Um Quadro de Solstícios de Uruk", Revista de Estudos cuneiforme, 1 (1947), 143-148 [JSTOR link].
Neugebauer, Otto E., "Equinócios e Solstícios no babilônico Astronomia durante o Período Seleucid", Revista de Estudos cuneiforme, 2 (1948), 209-222 [JSTOR link].
Sachs, Joseph Abraham & Neugebauer, Otto E., "Um texto, relativo ao Processo solar e lunar Motion: BM 36712 ", Journal of cuneiforme Studies, 10 (1956), 131-136 [JSTOR link].
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, "Um Seleucid Tabela de Diárias Solar (?) As posições", Revista de Estudos cuneiforme, 18 (1964), 31-34 [JSTOR link].
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, "Breve Comunicações: Em um babilônico Regime de Moção do Sistema Solar A Variety", Centauro: Revista Internacional de História da Ciência e da Medicina, 11 (1966), 302-303.
Goldstein, Bernard R., "Babilónia Solar Theory Reconsidered", Archives Internationales d 'Histoire des Sciences, 30 (1980), 189-191 (*).
Fome, Hermann, "Uma 3456: Eine Sammlung von Merkurbeobachtungen", in: E. Leichty et al. (eds.), A Ciência Humanista: Ensaios em Memória de Abraão Sachs (Fundo Kramer, Philadelphia, 1988 [= Divulgação Publicações do Fundo Samuel Noah Kramer, nr. 9]), pp. 201-223 (*) - Mercúrio recolha de observações e as datas de solstícios, equinócios e Sirius fenómenos para os anos SE 116-132.
Slotsky, Alice Louise, "O Regime de Uruk Solstice Revisited", in: HD Galter (ed.), Die Rolle in den Kulturen der Astronomia Mesopotamiens: Beiträge zum 3. Grazer Morgenländischen Symposion (rm-Druck & Verlagsgesellschaft, Graz, 1993 [= Morgenländische Grazer Studien, nr. 3]), pp. 359-366 (*).
Britton, John P., "Tratamentos de Fenômenos Anual em cuneiforme Fontes", in: JM Steele & A. Imhausen (eds.), sob um céu: Astronomia e Matemática no Antigo Médio Oriente (Ugarit-Verlag, Münster, 2002 [ = Alter Orient und Altes Testament, nr. 297]), pp. 21-78.
Teoria Lunar
Epping, José, "Die babylonische Berechnung des Neumondes", Stimmen aus-Maria Laach, 39 (1890), 225-240 (*).
Kugler, Franz Xaver, Die babylonische Mondrechnung: Zwei Systeme der Chaldäer über den Lauf des Mondes und der Sonne, auf Grund mehrerer von JN Strassmaier S.J. copirten Keilinschriften des Britischen Museus, mit einem Anhang über Chaldäische Planetentafeln (Herder'sche Verlagshandlung, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1900) - Comentários em: Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Verwandte Gebiete, 15 (1900), 115 -? [F.K. Ginzel]; Revue des questões historiques, 68 [= NS, 24] (1900), 630 [LM] [Gallica link]; Revue archéologique, 3e sér., 38 (1901), 299 [C. Fossey] [Gallica link].
Weidner, Ernst Friedrich, "Zur babylonischen Astronomia: III. Mondlauf, Kalender und Zahlenwissenschaft ", Babyloniaca: Études de philologie assyro-babylonienne, 6 (1912), 8-28 [UMDL link]; errata, ibid., 234 [UMDL link] - discute K. 2164 2195 3510 sobre o Lua da hora de visibilidade durante o mês lunar.
Sidersky, D., "Le calcul chaldéen des néoménies", Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale, 16 (1919), 21-36 (*).
Neugebauer, Otto E., "Untersuchungen zur antiken Astronomia II: Datierung und Rekonstruktion von Texten des Systems der Mondtheorie II", Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte der Mathematik, Astronomia e Física, Abteilung B, 4 (1938), 34-91 (* ).
Neugebauer, Otto E., "Untersuchungen zur antiken Astronomia III: Die babylonische Theorie der Breitenbewegung des Mondes", Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte der Mathematik, Astronomia e Física, Abteilung B, 4 (1938), 193-346 (*).
Neugebauer, Otto E., "On babilôno Lunar Theory", Sky e Telescope, 4 (1944), nr. 37, 3 -? (*).
van der Waerden, Leendert Bartel, "Das Alter der babylonischen Mondrechnung", Archiv für Orientforschung, 20 (1963), 97-102.
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, Lunar Alguns auxiliares de quadros e textos relacionados ao atraso do Período Babilônico (Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1968 [= Kongelige Det Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Matematisk-fysiske Meddelelser, 36, nr. 12]) - discute BM 36311, 36705 + 37484, 36775, 36824, 36961, 36994, 37203, 37600 e 40094.
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, A Lista de novilúnios computadorizada de 319 aC de 316 a.C. da Babilónia: B.M. 40094 (Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1969 [= Kongelige Det Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Matematisk-fysiske Meddelelser, 37, nr. 3]).
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig & Sachs, Joseph Abraham, "Dois Textos Lunar do Achaemenid Período da Babilónia", Centauro: Revista Internacional de História da Ciência e da Medicina, 14 (1969), 1-22 - discute BM 36599, 36737, 36822 & 47912.
Bernsen, Lis ", sobre a construção da coluna B do Sistema A do Astronómico cuneiforme Textos", Centauro: Revista Internacional de História da Ciência e da Medicina, 14 (1969), 23-28.
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, Lunar e Solar velocidades e o comprimento da lunação Intervals babilônico em Astronomia (Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1971 [= Kongelige Det Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Matematisk-fysiske Meddelelser, 38, nr. 6]) - discute BM 36699, 36793 , 36908, 45930 e 46015.
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig & Hamilton, Norman T., Contribuições para o Estudo da Teoria babilônico Lunar (Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1979 [= Kongelige Det Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Matematisk-fysiske Meddelelser, 40, nr. 6]) - discute BM 33593, 34083, 34497, 35231, 36438 +, 37021, 37375, 40094, 42685, 45688, 45930, 46015 e 77238 - Comentários em: Oficial de cuneiforme Studies, 32 (1980), 249-250 [NM Swerdlow] [JSTOR link]; Orientalistische Literaturzeitung, 76 (1981), 449-451 [J. Oelsner]; Orientalia, nova série, 51 (1982), 141-142 [DE Pingree].
Maeyama, Yasukatsu, "O comprimento da Synodic meses: o principal problema histórico da Lunar Movimento", Archives Internationales d'Histoire des Sciences, 29 (1979), 68-94 (*).
Brack-Bernsen, Lis, "algumas investigações sobre o Ephemerides da Lua babilônico Textos, Sistema A", Centauro: Revista Internacional de História da Ciência e da Medicina, 24 (1980), 36-50.
Maeyama, Yasukatsu, "os problemas fundamentais da Teoria babilônico Lunar", Archives Internationales d'Histoire des Sciences, 31 (1981), 253-272 (*).
Britton, John P., "A Estrutura e Parâmetros de Coluna Φ", in: JL Berggren & BR Goldstein (eds.), desde a antiguidade augúrios de Mecânica Estatística: Ensaios sobre as Ciências Exatas apresentado ao Asger Aaboe (Biblioteca Universitária, Copenhaga, 1987 [= Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Historica et Medicinalium, nr. 39]), pp. 23-36.
Brack-Bernsen, Lis, "Sobre a Teoria babilôno Lunar: A Construção de Coluna Φ partir Horizontal Observações", Centauro: Revista Internacional de História da Ciência e da Medicina, 33 (1990), 39-56 (*).
Britton, John P., "A Tale of Two Ciclos: Observações sobre Coluna Φ", Centauro: Revista Internacional de História da Ciência e da Medicina, 33 (1990), 57-69.
Brack-Bernsen, Lis ", Babylonische Mondtexte: beobachtung und Theorie", in: HD Galter (ed.), Die Rolle in den Kulturen der Astronomia Mesopotamiens: Beiträge zum 3. Grazer Morgenländischen Symposion (rm-Druck & Verlagsgesellschaft, Graz, 1993 [= Morgenländische Grazer Studien, nr. 3]), pp. 331-358 (*).
Brack-Bernsen, Lis & Schmidt, Olaf ", sobre os fundamentos da Babilónia Coluna Φ: Astronómico Significância parcial das Receitas da Lunar Quatro", Centauro: Revista Internacional de História da Ciência e da Medicina, 37 (1994), 183 -- 209 (*).
Brack-Bernsen, Lis ", Konsistenz zwischen Kolonne [phi] babylonischen Aufzeichungen und der Lunar Quatro", em: A. von Gotstedter (ed.), AD RADICES: Festband zum fünfzigjährigen Bestehen des Instituts für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften der Johann Wolfgang Goethe - Universität Frankfurt am Main (Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart, 1994), pp. 45-64.
Brack-Bernsen, Lis, Zur Entstehung der babylonischen Mondtheorie: beobachtung theoretische Berechnung von und Mondphasen (Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart, 1997 [= Boethius: Texte und Abhandlungen zur Geschichte der Mathematik und der Naturwissenschaften, nr. 40]) - Comentários em: Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archäologie, 88 (1998), 287-291 [J. Koch].; Isis, 91 (2000), 125-126 [J.M. Steele] [JSTOR link].
Fatoohi, Louay J., Stephenson, Francis Richard & Al-Dargazelli, SS, "A Primeira babilônico Visibilidade da Lua Crescente: Dados e critério", Revista de História da Astronomia, 30 (1999), 51 -? [ADS link].
Brack-Bernsen, Lis, "Meta-Ano Quadros: Lunar Dados e Predições", in: NM Swerdlow (ed.), Ancient Astronomia e Adivinhação Celestial (MIT Press, Cambridge / Londres, 1999), pp. 149-177.
Brack-Bernsen, Lis ", antigo e moderno Utilização da Lunar dados registados na Babilónia Meta-Ano Comprimidos: Controle Mútuo de Mosher Ephemerides do Programa e Lunar Dados de Meta-Ano Textos", em:? (ed.), Actes de la Conférence de la Vème SEAC (???, Varsóvia / Gdansk, 1999), pp. 13-39.
Britton, John P., "Lunar Anomaly em babilônico Astronomia: Retrato de um original Theory", in: NM Swerdlow (ed.), Ancient Astronomia e Adivinhação Celestial (MIT Press, Cambridge / Londres, 1999), pp. 187-254.
Huber, Peter J., "Babilónia curto prazo Measurements: Lunar Sixes", Centauro: Revista Internacional de História da Ciência e da Medicina, 42 (2000), 223-234 [Blackwell-Synergy link].
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, "Ligado Colunas H e J em babilônico Lunar Teoria do Sistema B", in: JM Steele & A. Imhausen (eds.), sob um céu: Astronomia e Matemática no Antigo Médio Oriente (Ugarit-Verlag, Münster, 2002 [= Alter Orient und Altes Testament, nr. 297]), pp. 1-4.
Brack-Bernsen, Lis, "Lunar Fenômenos Predições de Astronomia na Babilónia", in: JM Steele & A. Imhausen (eds.), sob um céu: Astronomia e Matemática no Antigo Médio Oriente (Ugarit-Verlag, Münster, 2002 [ = Alter Orient und Altes Testament, nr. 297]), pp. 5-19.
Goldstein, Bernard R., "On the babilôno Descoberta dos períodos de Lunar Movimento", Revista de História da Astronomia, 33 (2002), 1-13 [ADS link].
Clarke, A.J.M. & Steele, John M., "A Computer Generated babilônico Sistema A Lunar Ephemeris", Revista de História da Astronomia, 33 (2002), 279 [ADS link].
Brack-Bernsen, Lis & Fome, Hermann, "TU 11: uma coleção de regras de previsão das fases lunares e da Comprimentos Mês", SCIAMVS, 3 (2002), 3-90 - edição e tradução do AO 6455.
Michel-Nozières, Catherine, "a variação de Lunar Visibilidade através do Ano: Existe um copista Erro no quadro K 90?", Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale, 96 (2002), 143-148.
Steele, John M., "Alguns Ephemerides Lunar e Afins Textos da Babilónia", em: C. Wünsch (ed.), a Mineração Arquivos: Festschrift por Christopher Walker (Islet, Dresden, 2002), pp. 293-318 (*).
Britton, John P., "On Correcções para Solar Anomaly em babilônico Lunar Theories", in: P. Barker, AC Bowen, J. CHABAS, G. & Freudenthal YT Langermann (eds.), Astronomia e Astrologia da babilônios a Kepler: Ensaios Apresentadas Bernard R. Goldstein por ocasião do seu 65. Aniversário: Parte I (Blackwell / Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 2003 [= Centauro: Revista Internacional da História da Science and Medicine, 45]), pp. 46-58 [Blackwell-Synergy link].
Steele, John M., "Diversos Quadros Lunar da Babilónia", Arquivo de História das Ciências Exatas, 60 (2006), 123-155 [SpringerLink].
Lunar & Solar eclipses
Oppert, Jules, "[1805-Ano Ciclo de eclipses lunares supostamente mencionadas no Inscrições de Sargon]", Séances des Comptes rendus de l'Académie des inscrições e belas-artes, sér. ?,? (c. 1862), ???-??? - Alega que tal um ciclo terminou em 712 a.C.
Oppert, Jules, "Inscrição assyrienne relativa à une ciclo Lunaire", Séances des Comptes rendus de l'Académie des inscrições e belas-artes, sér. 4, 12 (1884), 335 [anúncio só - quando publicado?] - A Academia, em resumo: Uma Análise Semanal de Literatura, Ciência e Arte, 26 (1884), 241 [nr. 649] [Periodicals Archive Online link].
Oppert, Jules, "L'inscription de Saros", Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale, 1 (1884/85), 69-73.
Oppert, Jules, "Inscrição donnant les detalhes d'une eclipse de Lune", Comptes rendus des hebdomadaires Séances de l'Académie des Sciences, 107 (1888), 467-468 [Gallica link] - relatório sobre o eclipse lunar de 23 mar. de 24 aC
Lynn, William Thynne, "O Chaldæan Saros", o Observatório, 12 (1889), 261-262 [ADS link].
Epping, Joseph & Strassmaier, Johann Nepomucen, "Der-Canon Saros der Babylonier nach der Keilschrifttafel SP. II, 71 des British Museum ", Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Verwandte Gebiete, 8 (1893), 149-178 (*).
Strassmaier, Johann Nepomucen & Epping, José, "Der Saros Canon-Sp. II, 71 ", Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Verwandte Gebiete, 10 (1895), 64 -? (*).
Oppert, Jules, "Un eclipse Lunaire du règne de Saosduchin, roi de Babylone", Séances des Comptes rendus de l'Académie des inscrições e belas-artes, sér. 4, 24 (1896), 423-435 - relatório sobre o eclipse lunar de 18/19 jan 653 aC
Oppert, Jules, "Les eclipses mentionnées textes dans cunéiformes", Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Verwandte Gebiete, 11 (1896), 310-317 (*).
Kugler, Franz Xaver, "Zur der declaração babylonischen Mondtafeln: I. Mond - und Sonnenfinsternisse", Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Verwandte Gebiete, 15 (1900), 178-209 (*).
Kugler, Franz Xaver, "Astronomische und meteorologische Finsternisse (Eine assyriologisch-kosmologische Untersuchung)", Morgenländischen Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft, 56 (1902), 60-70 (*).
Wesson, Edward, "O Eclipse Solar Assíria", Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, 34 (1912), 53-66.
Wesson, Edward, "Alguns eclipses lunares", Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, 34 (1912), 205-211 e 239-246.
Pannekoek, Antonie, "A Origem das Saros", Proceedings of the Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, Wis-en natuurkundige afdeeling, 20 (1917), 943-955 (*).
Schnabel, Paul, "Die Sarosperiode der Finsternisse schon in der Sargonidenzeit bekannt", Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Verwandte Gebiete, 35 (1924), 297-318 (*).
Neugebauer, Otto E., "Vorlesungen über babylonische Astronomia II: Die Theorie der Finsternisse", Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte der Mathematik, Astronomia und Physik, ser. B,? (1937), ???-???.
Neugebauer, Otto E., "Untersuchungen zur antiken Astronomia V. Der Halleysche" Saros "und zu andere Ergänzungen SAU III", Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte der Mathematik, Astronomia und Physik, ser. B, 4 (1938), 407-4? (*)
van der Waerden, Leendert Bartel, "Die Voraussage von Finsternisse bei den Babyloniern", Berichte der Mathematisch-Physikalischer Klasse der Sächsischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 92 (1940), 107-114 (*).
Pannekoek, Antonie, "Algumas observações sobre a Lua do diâmetro e do Eclipse Quadros Astronomia na Babilónia", Eudemus: An International Journal dedicada à História da Matemática e Astronomia, 1 (1941), 9-22 (*).
Neugebauer, Otto E., "Estudos em Astronomia Antiga VII: Magnitudes de eclipses lunares em babilônico Matemática Astronomia", Isis, 36 (1945), 10/15 [JSTOR link] - reimpressas em Neugebauer (1983), pp. 231-237 (*).
Pannekoek, Antonie, "periodicidades nos eclipses lunares", Proceedings of the Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, Sér. B, 54 (1951), 30-41 (*).
Neugebauer, Otto E., "Saros" e Lunar Velocity em babilônico Astronomia (Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1957 [= Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskap København, Matematisk-fysiske Meddelelser, 31, nr. 4]).
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, "Observações sobre o Tratamento dos eclipses Teórica em Antiquity", Revista de História da Astronomia, 3 (1972), 105-118 [ADS link] - discute BM 34705, p. 31 & Carlsberg BM 34597.
Dietrich, Manfried, Loretz, Oswald & Sanmartín, J., "Der keilalphabetische summa izbu-RS Texto 24,247 + 265 + 268 + 328", Ugarit-Forschungen, 7 (1975), 133 -? (*).
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig e Henderson, JA, "A Teoria da Babilónia eclipses lunares Latitude e de acordo com o Sistema Um", Archives Internationales d'Histoire des Sciences, 25 (1975), 181-222 (*).
Moesgaard, Kristian Peder, "A Serpente de Lua Cheia: A Pedra Fundamental da Antiga Astronomia?", Centauro: Revista Internacional de História da Ciência e da Medicina, 24 (1980), 51-96.
Britton, John P., "An Early Função para Eclipse Magnitudes Astronomia na Babilónia", Centauro: Revista Internacional de História da Ciência e da Medicina, 32 (1989), 1-52 (*).
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, Britton, John P., Henderson, JA, Neugebauer, Otto E. & Sachs, Joseph Abraham, Ciclo de Saros Datas e Afins babilônico Astronómico Textos (American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, 1991 [= Philosophical Transactions of the American Society , nova série, 81, pt. 6]) [link JSTOR].
Stephenson, Francis Richard & Fatoohi, Louay J., "Eclipse Lunar Times Gravado em babilônico História", Revista de História da Astronomia, 24 (1994), 255-267 [ADS link].
Steele, John M., "Babilónia Predições do eclipse solar e lunar Times", Boletim da American Astronomical Society, 28 (1996), 1305 [ADS link].
Steele, John M. & Stephenson, Francis Richard, "Eclipse Lunar Times previsivelmente pela babilônicos", Revista de História da Astronomia, 28 (1997), 119-131 [ADS link].
Steele, John M., "Eclipse Solar Times previsivelmente pela babilônicos", Revista de História da Astronomia, 28 (1997), 133-139 [ADS link].
Steele, John M., Stephenson, Francis Richard & Morrison, Leslie V., "A precisão do Eclipse tempos medidos pelos babilônios", Revista de História da Astronomia, 28 (1997), 337-345 [ADS link].
Steele, John M., Observações e previsões de Eclipse Times por astrónomos (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 2000 [= Arquimedes, nr. 4]) (*).
Steele, John M., "Eclipse Previsão na Mesopotâmia", Arquivo de História das Ciências Exatas, 54 (2000), 421-454 [SpringerLink].
Steele, John M., "A 3405: Uma Incomun Astronómico texto de Uruk", Arquivo de História das Ciências Exatas, 55 (2000), 103-135 [SpringerLink] - coleção de datas e longitudes dos fenómenos planetários e para os eclipses lunares SE período de 60 a 70.
Koch, Johannes, "Die Mondeklipsen von BM 41004 rev. 18 ", Centauro: Revista Internacional de História da Ciência e da Medicina, 43 (2001), 176-183 [Blackwell-Synergy link].
Steele, John M., "O Significado da BAR DIB no Late babilônico Astronómico Textos", Archiv für Orientforschung, 48/49 (2001/02), 107-112.
Steele, John M., "A Simple Função para o comprimento do Saros Astronomia na Babilónia", in: JM Steele & A. Imhausen (eds.), sob um céu: Astronomia e Matemática no Antigo Médio Oriente (Ugarit-Verlag em Münster, 2002 [= Alter Orient und Altes Testament, nr. 297]), pp. 405-420.
Huber, Peter J. & De Meis, Salvo, babilônico Eclipse Observações de 750 aC a 1 aC (Istituto Italiano per l'Africa el'Oriente / Mímesis, Roma / Milão, 2004).
Steele, John M., "Ptolomeu, Babilónia e da rotação da Terra", Astronomia e Geofísica, 46 (2005), nr. 5, 11/15 [Blackwell-Synergy link] - discute eclipses lunares listadas na BM 37088 37652 que ocorreram durante os 22 .-23. e 40 .-43. Anos de Artaxerxes II [383-382 aC e 364-362 B.C.].
Brack-Bernsen, Lis & Steele, John M., "Eclipse Previsão e da duração do Saros Astronomia na Babilónia", Centauro: Revista Internacional de História da Ciência e da Medicina, 47 (2005), 181-206 [Blackwell-Synergy link].
Os eclipses lunares do 7 º Ano de Cambyses
O texto BM 33066 (78-11-7, 4 = Strm. Kambys. 400 = LBAT 1477) menciona dois eclipses lunares (em 16 de Julho de 523 aC e 10 jan 522 aC) que ocorreram durante o 7 º ano do rei persa Cambyses. O primeiro eclipse lunar também é mencionado no Ptolomeu da Almagest (livro V, capítulo 14).
Beliscões, Theophilus Goldridge, "Uma Astronômica ou astrological Tablet da Babilónia", A & Oriental babilônico Record: uma revista mensal de Antiguidades do Leste, 2 (1887/88), 202-207 [CAENO link].
Epping, José, "Sachliche declaração Comprimidos des No. 400 der Cambyses-Inschriften", Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Verwandte Gebiete, 5 (1890), 281-288.
Oppert, Jules, "Un annuaire astronomique chaldéen, utilisé par Ptolémée", Comptes rendus des hebdomadaires Séances de l'Académie des Sciences, 111 (1890), 716-721 [Gallica link].
Oppert, Jules, "Un annuaire astronomique babylonien Traduït en partie en grego par Ptolémée", Journal asiatique, ou recueil de Mémoires, d'Extraits et de anúncios relativos à l'histoire, à la philosophie, aux langues et à la littérature des peuples orientaux, sér. 8, 16 (1890), 511-532 [Gallica link].
Oppert, Jules, "Un texte babylonien astronomique et sa traduction Greque d'après Claude Ptolémée", Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Verwandte Gebiete, 6 (1891), 103-123.
Kugler, Franz Xaver, "Eine rätselvolle astronomische Keilinschrift (Strm. Kambys. 400)", Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Verwandte Gebiete, 17 (1903), 203-238.
van der Waerden, Leendert Bartel, "Drei umstrittene Mondfinsternisse bei Ptolemaios", Museu Helveticum, 15 (1958), 106-109.
Britton, John P., Modelos e Precisão: A Qualidade de Ptolomeu do Observações e Parâmetros (Garland Publishing, New York / London, 1992 [= Fontes e Estudos em História e Filosofia da Ciência Clássica, nr. 1]).
Babilônico Observações de eclipses lunares em Ptolomeu da Almagest
Ptolomeu da Almagest menciona os detalhes de dez eclipses lunares que foram originalmente gravados em Babilônia:
No 1 º ano de Mardokempad ([27o ano de Nabonassar], 29/30 Thoth do calendário egípcio = 19/20 de Março de 721 aC), um eclipse lunar começou bem uma hora depois moonrise na Babilônia e foi total (Almagest IV 6) .
No 2 º ano de Mardokempad ([28o ano de Nabonassar], 18/19 Thoth do calendário egípcio = 8 / 9 de Março de 720 aC), ocorreu um eclipse lunar com uma [máximo] obscurecimento de 3 dígitos a partir do sul, à meia-noite em Babilónia (Almagest IV 6 e 9).
No 2 º ano de Mardokempad ([28o ano de Nabonassar], 15/16 Phamenoth do calendário egípcio = 1 / 2 set. 720 aC), um eclipse lunar moonrise e depois começou a [máximo] obscurecimento foi superior a metade [do diâmetro ] a partir do norte (Almagest IV 6).
No 5 º ano de Nabopolassar (127. Ano a partir de Nabonassar, 27/28 Athyr do calendário egípcio = 21/22 abril 621 aC), um eclipse lunar começou no final de 11 horas, na Babilônia. A máxima foi de obscurecimento 1 / 4 do diâmetro do Sul (Almagest V 14).
No 7 º ano de Cambyses (225. Ano a partir de Nabonassar, 17/18 Phamenoth do calendário egípcio = 16/17 julho 523 aC), a Lua foi eclipsado metade do seu diâmetro do Norte em uma hora antes da meia-noite, na Babilônia (Almagest 14 V ).
No ano de 20. Darius I ([246. Ano de Nabonassar], 28/29 Epiphi do calendário egípcio = 19/20 nov 502 aC), a Lua foi obscurecida 1 / 4 de seu diâmetro do sul, quando 6 1 / 3 equinocial horas da noite já tinha passado na Babilónia (Almagest IV 9).
No ano de 31. Darius I ([257. Ano de Nabonassar], 3 / 4 Tybi do calendário egípcio = 25/26 abril 491 aC), a Lua foi obscurecida 2 dígitos a partir do sul, no meio da 6 ª hora [de a noite], na Babilônia (Almagest IV 9).
Durante o archonship de Phanostratos em Atenas, no mês Poseideon (366a ano a partir de Nabonassar, 26/27 Thoth do calendário egípcio = 22/23 dezembro 383 aC), uma pequena parte da Lua de diâmetro foi eclipsado subindo a partir do Verão de ponto [nordeste] quando meia hora da noite foi demais. A Lua ainda era [parcialmente] eclipsado pelo Moonset (Almagest IV 11).
Durante o archonship de Phanostratos em Atenas, no mês Skirophorion (366a ano a partir de Nabonassar, 24/25 Phamenoth do calendário egípcio = 18/19 junho 382 aC), a Lua foi eclipsado subir a partir do Verão de ponto [nordeste] quando a primeira hora [da noite] foi bem avançado (IV Almagest 11).
Durante o archonship de Euandros em Atenas, no mês Poseideon I (367a ano a partir de Nabonassar, 16/17 Thoth do calendário egípcio = 12/13 dezembro 382 aC), a Lua era totalmente eclipsada, subindo a partir do Verão de ponto [norte -Leste], após 4 horas [da noite] já tinha passado (Almagest IV 11).
Até agora, a 5 ª e as três últimas observações foram encontrados registros duplicados em cuneiforme.
MATERIAL EXTRAIDO E TRADUIDO DO ORIGINAL
Neugebauer, Otto E., “Jahreszeiten und Tageslängen in der babylonischen Astronomie”, Osiris, 2 (1936), 517-550 [JSTOR link].
Neugebauer, Otto E., “A Table of Solstices from Uruk”, Journal of Cuneiform Studies, 1 (1947), 143-148 [JSTOR link].
Neugebauer, Otto E., “Solstices and Equinoxes in Babylonian Astronomy during the Seleucid Period”, Journal of Cuneiform Studies, 2 (1948), 209-222 [JSTOR link].
Sachs, Abraham Joseph & Neugebauer, Otto E., “A Procedure Text concerning Solar and Lunar Motion: B.M. 36712”, Journal of Cuneiform Studies, 10 (1956), 131-136 [JSTOR link].
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, “A Seleucid Table of Daily Solar(?) Positions”, Journal of Cuneiform Studies, 18 (1964), 31-34 [JSTOR link].
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, “Brief Communications: On a Babylonian Scheme for Solar Motion of the System A Variety”, Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Science and Medicine, 11 (1966), 302-303.
Goldstein, Bernard R., “Babylonian Solar Theory Reconsidered”, Archives internationales d’ histoire des sciences, 30 (1980), 189-191 (*).
Hunger, Hermann, “A 3456: Eine Sammlung von Merkurbeobachtungen”, in: E. Leichty et al. (eds.), A Scientific Humanist: Essays in Memory of Abraham Sachs (Kramer Fund, Philadelphia, 1988 [= Occasional Publications of the Samuel Noah Kramer Fund, nr. 9]), pp. 201-223 (*) – collection of Mercury observations and dates of the solstices, equinoxes and Sirius phenomena for the years SE 116 to 132.
Slotsky, Alice Louise, “The Uruk Solstice Scheme Revisited”, in: H.D. Galter (ed.), Die Rolle der Astronomie in den Kulturen Mesopotamiens: Beiträge zum 3. Grazer Morgenländischen Symposion (rm-Druck & Verlagsgesellschaft, Graz, 1993 [= Grazer Morgenländische Studien, nr. 3]), pp. 359-366 (*).
Britton, John P., “Treatments of Annual Phenomena in Cuneiform Sources”, in: J.M. Steele & A. Imhausen (eds.), Under One Sky: Astronomy and Mathematics in the Ancient Near East (Ugarit-Verlag, Münster, 2002 [= Alter Orient und Altes Testament, nr. 297]), pp. 21-78.
Lunar Theory
Epping, Joseph, “Die babylonische Berechnung des Neumondes”, Stimmen aus Maria-Laach, 39 (1890), 225-240 (*).
Kugler, Franz Xaver, Die babylonische Mondrechnung: Zwei Systeme der Chaldäer über den Lauf des Mondes und der Sonne, auf Grund mehrerer von J.N. Strassmaier S.J. copirten Keilinschriften des Britischen Museums, mit einem Anhang über Chaldäische Planetentafeln (Herder’sche Verlagshandlung, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1900) – reviews in: Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete, 15 (1900), 115-??? [F.K. Ginzel]; Revue des questions historiques, 68 [= NS, 24] (1900), 630 [L.M.] [Gallica link]; Revue archéologique,3e sér., 38 (1901), 299 [C. Fossey] [Gallica link].
Weidner, Ernst Friedrich, “Zur babylonischen Astronomie: III. Mondlauf, Kalender und Zahlenwissenschaft”, Babyloniaca: Études de philologie assyro-babylonienne, 6 (1912), 8-28 [UMDL link]; erratum, ibid., 234 [UMDL link] – discusses K. 2164+2195+3510 on the Moon’s hours of visibility during the lunar month.
Sidersky, D., “Le calcul chaldéen des néoménies”, Revue d’assyriologie et d’archéologie orientale, 16 (1919), 21-36 (*).
Neugebauer, Otto E., “Untersuchungen zur antiken Astronomie II: Datierung und Rekonstruktion von Texten des Systems II der Mondtheorie”, Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte der Mathematik, Astronomie und Physik, Abteilung B, 4 (1938), 34-91 (*).
Neugebauer, Otto E., “Untersuchungen zur antiken Astronomie III: Die babylonische Theorie der Breitenbewegung des Mondes”, Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte der Mathematik, Astronomie und Physik, Abteilung B, 4 (1938), 193-346 (*).
Neugebauer, Otto E., “On Babylonian Lunar Theory”, Sky and Telescope, 4 (1944), nr. 37, 3-? (*).
van der Waerden, Bartel Leendert, “Das Alter der babylonischen Mondrechnung”, Archiv für Orientforschung, 20 (1963), 97-102.
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, Some Lunar Auxiliary Tables and Related Texts from the Late Babylonian Period (Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1968 [= Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Matematisk-fysiske Meddelelser, 36, nr. 12]) – discusses BM 36311, 36705+37484, 36775, 36824, 36961, 36994, 37203, 37600 & 40094.
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, A Computed List of New Moons for 319 B.C. to 316 B.C. from Babylon: B.M. 40094 (Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1969 [= Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Matematisk-fysiske Meddelelser, 37, nr. 3]).
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig & Sachs, Abraham Joseph, “Two Lunar Texts of the Achaemenid Period from Babylon”, Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Science and Medicine, 14 (1969), 1-22 – discusses BM 36599, 36737, 36822 & 47912.
Bernsen, Lis, “On the Construction of Column B in System A of the Astronomical Cuneiform Texts”, Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Science and Medicine, 14 (1969), 23-28.
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, Lunar and Solar Velocities and the Length of Lunation Intervals in Babylonian Astronomy (Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1971 [= Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Matematisk-fysiske Meddelelser, 38, nr. 6]) – discusses BM 36699, 36793, 36908, 45930 & 46015.
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig & Hamilton, Norman T., Contributions to the Study of Babylonian Lunar Theory (Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1979 [= Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Matematisk-fysiske Meddelelser, 40, nr. 6]) – discusses BM 33593, 34083, 34497, 35231, 36438+, 37021, 37375, 40094, 42685, 45688, 45930, 46015 & 77238 – reviews in: Journal of Cuneiform Studies, 32 (1980), 249-250 [N.M. Swerdlow] [JSTOR link]; Orientalistische Literaturzeitung, 76 (1981), 449-451 [J. Oelsner]; Orientalia, new series, 51 (1982), 141-142 [D.E. Pingree].
Maeyama, Yasukatsu, “The Length of the Synodic Months: The Main Historical Problem of the Lunar Motion”, Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Sciences, 29 (1979), 68-94 (*).
Brack-Bernsen, Lis, “Some Investigations on the Ephemerides of the Babylonian Moon Texts, System A”, Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Science and Medicine, 24 (1980), 36-50.
Maeyama, Yasukatsu, “The Basic Problems of the Babylonian Lunar Theory”, Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Sciences, 31 (1981), 253-272 (*).
Britton, John P., “The Structure and Parameters of Column Φ”, in: J.L. Berggren & B.R. Goldstein (eds.), From Ancient Omens to Statistical Mechanics: Essays on the Exact Sciences presented to Asger Aaboe (University Library, Copenhagen, 1987 [= Acta Historica Scientiarum Naturalium et Medicinalium, nr. 39]), pp. 23-36.
Brack-Bernsen, Lis, “On the Babylonian Lunar Theory: A Construction of Column Φ from Horizontal Observations”, Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Science and Medicine, 33 (1990), 39-56 (*).
Britton, John P., “A Tale of Two Cycles: Remarks on Column Φ”, Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Science and Medicine, 33 (1990), 57-69.
Brack-Bernsen, Lis, “Babylonische Mondtexte: Beobachtung und Theorie”, in: H.D. Galter (ed.), Die Rolle der Astronomie in den Kulturen Mesopotamiens: Beiträge zum 3. Grazer Morgenländischen Symposion (rm-Druck & Verlagsgesellschaft, Graz, 1993 [= Grazer Morgenländische Studien, nr. 3]), pp. 331-358 (*).
Brack-Bernsen, Lis & Schmidt, Olaf, “On the Foundations of the Babylonian Column Φ: Astronomical Significance of Partial Sums of the Lunar Four”, Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Science and Medicine, 37 (1994), 183-209 (*).
Brack-Bernsen, Lis, “Konsistenz zwischen Kolonne [phi] und babylonischen Aufzeichungen der Lunar Four”, in: A. von Gotstedter (ed.), AD RADICES: Festband zum fünfzigjährigen Bestehen des Instituts für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main (Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart, 1994), pp. 45-64.
Brack-Bernsen, Lis, Zur Entstehung der babylonischen Mondtheorie: Beobachtung und theoretische Berechnung von Mondphasen (Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart, 1997 [= Boethius: Texte und Abhandlungen zur Geschichte der Mathematik und der Naturwissenschaften, nr. 40]) – reviews in: Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archäologie, 88 (1998), 287-291 [J. Koch].; Isis, 91 (2000), 125-126 [J.M. Steele] [JSTOR link].
Fatoohi, Louay J., Stephenson, Francis Richard & Al-Dargazelli, S.S., “The Babylonian First Visibility of the Lunar Crescent: Data and Criterion”, Journal for the History of Astronomy, 30 (1999), 51-?? [ADS link].
Brack-Bernsen, Lis, “Goal-Year Tables: Lunar Data and Predictions”, in: N.M. Swerdlow (ed.), Ancient Astronomy and Celestial Divination (MIT Press, Cambridge/London, 1999), pp. 149-177.
Brack-Bernsen, Lis, “Ancient and Modern Utilization of the Lunar Data Recorded on the Babylonian Goal-Year Tablets: Mutual Control of Mosher’s Ephemerides Program and Lunar Data from Goal-Year Texts”, in: ??? (ed.), Actes de la Vème Conférence de la SEAC (???, Warsaw/Gdansk, 1999), pp. 13-39.
Britton, John P., “Lunar Anomaly in Babylonian Astronomy: Portrait of an Original Theory”, in: N.M. Swerdlow (ed.), Ancient Astronomy and Celestial Divination (MIT Press, Cambridge/London, 1999), pp. 187-254.
Huber, Peter J., “Babylonian Short-Time Measurements: Lunar Sixes”, Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Science and Medicine, 42 (2000), 223-234 [Blackwell-Synergy link].
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, “On Columns H and J in Babylonian Lunar Theory of System B”, in: J.M. Steele & A. Imhausen (eds.), Under One Sky: Astronomy and Mathematics in the Ancient Near East (Ugarit-Verlag, Münster, 2002 [= Alter Orient und Altes Testament, nr. 297]), pp. 1-4.
Brack-Bernsen, Lis, “Predictions of Lunar Phenomena in Babylonian Astronomy”, in: J.M. Steele & A. Imhausen (eds.), Under One Sky: Astronomy and Mathematics in the Ancient Near East (Ugarit-Verlag, Münster, 2002 [= Alter Orient und Altes Testament, nr. 297]), pp. 5-19.
Goldstein, Bernard R., “On the Babylonian Discovery of the Periods of Lunar Motion”, Journal for the History of Astronomy, 33 (2002), 1-13 [ADS link].
Clarke, A.J.M. & Steele, John M., “A Computer Generated Babylonian System A Lunar Ephemeris”, Journal for the History of Astronomy, 33 (2002), 279 [ADS link].
Brack-Bernsen, Lis & Hunger, Hermann, “TU 11: A Collection of Rules for the Prediction of Lunar Phases and of Month Lengths”, SCIAMVS, 3 (2002), 3-90 – edition and translation of AO 6455.
Michel-Nozières, Catherine, “The Variation of Lunar Visibility through the Year: Is there a Copyist Error in Table K 90?”, Revue d’assyriologie et d’archéologie orientale, 96 (2002), 143-148.
Steele, John M., “Some Lunar Ephemerides and Related Texts from Babylon”, in: C. Wunsch (ed.), Mining the Archives: Festschrift for Christopher Walker (ISLET, Dresden, 2002), pp. 293-318 (*).
Britton, John P., “On Corrections for Solar Anomaly in Babylonian Lunar Theories”, in: P. Barker, A.C. Bowen, J. Chabás, G. Freudenthal & Y.T. Langermann (eds.), Astronomy and Astrology from the Babylonians to Kepler: Essays Presented to Bernard R. Goldstein on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday: Part I (Blackwell/Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 2003 [= Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Science and Medicine, 45]), pp. 46-58 [Blackwell-Synergy link].
Steele, John M., “Miscellaneous Lunar Tables from Babylon”, Archive for History of Exact Sciences, 60 (2006), 123-155 [SpringerLink].
Lunar & Solar Eclipses
Oppert, Jules, “[1805-Year Cycle of Lunar Eclipses supposedly mentioned in Inscriptions of Sargon]”, Comptes rendus des séances de l’Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres, sér. ?, ?? (c. 1862), ???-??? – claims that such a cycle ended in 712 B.C.
Oppert, Jules, “Inscription assyrienne relative à une cycle lunaire”, Comptes rendus des séances de l’Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres, sér. 4, 12 (1884), 335 [announcement only - where published?] – summary in The Academy: A Weekly Review of Literature, Science and Art, 26 (1884), 241 [nr. 649] [Periodicals Archive Online link].
Oppert, Jules, “L’inscription de Saros”, Revue d’assyriologie et d’archéologie orientale, 1 (1884/85), 69-73.
Oppert, Jules, “Inscription donnant les détails d’une éclipse de Lune”, Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences, 107 (1888), 467-468 [Gallica link] – report on the lunar eclipse of 23 March, 24 B.C.
Lynn, William Thynne, “The Chaldæan Saros”, The Observatory, 12 (1889), 261-262 [ADS link].
Epping, Joseph & Strassmaier, Johann Nepomucen, “Der Saros-Canon der Babylonier nach der Keilschrifttafel Sp. II, 71 des British Museum”, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete, 8 (1893), 149-178 (*).
Strassmaier, Johann Nepomucen & Epping, Joseph, “Der Saros-Canon Sp. II, 71”, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete, 10 (1895), 64-?? (*).
Oppert, Jules, “Un éclipse lunaire du règne de Saosduchin, roi de Babylone”, Comptes rendus des séances de l’Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres, sér. 4, 24 (1896), 423-435 – report on the lunar eclipse of 18/19 January 653 B.C.
Oppert, Jules, “Les éclipses mentionnées dans textes cunéiformes”, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete, 11 (1896), 310-317 (*).
Kugler, Franz Xaver, “Zur Erklärung der babylonischen Mondtafeln: I. Mond- und Sonnenfinsternisse”, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete, 15 (1900), 178-209 (*).
Kugler, Franz Xaver, “Astronomische und meteorologische Finsternisse (Eine assyriologisch-kosmologische Untersuchung)”, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, 56 (1902), 60-70 (*).
Wesson, Edward, “An Assyrian Solar Eclipse”, Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, 34 (1912), 53-66.
Wesson, Edward, “Some Lunar Eclipses”, Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, 34 (1912), 205-211 & 239-246.
Pannekoek, Antonie, “The Origin of the Saros”, Proceedings of the Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, Wis- en natuurkundige afdeeling, 20 (1917), 943-955 (*).
Schnabel, Paul, “Die Sarosperiode der Finsternisse schon in der Sargonidenzeit bekannt”, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete, 35 (1924), 297-318 (*).
Neugebauer, Otto E., “Vorlesungen über babylonische Astronomie II: Die Theorie der Finsternisse”, Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte der Mathematik, Astronomie und Physik, ser. B, ? (1937), ???-???.
Neugebauer, Otto E., “Untersuchungen zur antiken Astronomie V. Der Halleysche “Saros” und andere Ergänzungen zu UAA III”, Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte der Mathematik, Astronomie und Physik, ser. B, 4 (1938), 407-4?? (*)
van der Waerden, Bartel Leendert, “Die Voraussage von Finsternisse bei den Babyloniern”, Berichte der Mathematisch-Physikalischer Klasse der Sächsischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 92 (1940), 107-114 (*).
Pannekoek, Antonie, “Some Remarks on the Moon’s Diameter and the Eclipse Tables in Babylonian Astronomy”, Eudemus: An International Journal devoted to the History of Mathematics and Astronomy, 1 (1941), 9-22 (*).
Neugebauer, Otto E., “Studies in Ancient Astronomy VII: Magnitudes of Lunar Eclipses in Babylonian Mathematical Astronomy”, Isis, 36 (1945), 10-15 [JSTOR link] – reprinted in Neugebauer (1983), pp. 231-237 (*).
Pannekoek, Antonie, “Periodicities in Lunar Eclipses”, Proceedings of the Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, Ser. B, 54 (1951), 30-41 (*).
Neugebauer, Otto E., “Saros” and Lunar Velocity in Babylonian Astronomy (Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1957 [= Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskap København, Matematisk-fysiske Meddelelser, 31, nr. 4]).
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, “Remarks on the Theoretical Treatment of Eclipses in Antiquity”, Journal for the History of Astronomy, 3 (1972), 105-118 [ADS link] – discusses BM 34705, P. Carlsberg 31 & BM 34597.
Dietrich, Manfried, Loretz, Oswald & Sanmartín, J., “Der keilalphabetische summa izbu-Text RS 24.247 + 265 + 268 + 328”, Ugarit-Forschungen, 7 (1975), 133-??? (*).
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig & Henderson, J.A., “The Babylonian Theory of Lunar Latitude and Eclipses according to System A”, Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Sciences, 25 (1975), 181-222 (*).
Moesgaard, Kristian Peder, “The Full Moon Serpent: A Foundation Stone of Ancient Astronomy?”, Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Science and Medicine, 24 (1980), 51-96.
Britton, John P., “An Early Function for Eclipse Magnitudes in Babylonian Astronomy”, Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Science and Medicine, 32 (1989), 1-52 (*).
Aaboe, Asger Hartvig, Britton, John P., Henderson, J.A., Neugebauer, Otto E. & Sachs, Abraham Joseph, Saros Cycle Dates and Related Babylonian Astronomical Texts (American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, 1991 [= Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, new series, 81, pt. 6]) [JSTOR link].
Stephenson, Francis Richard & Fatoohi, Louay J., “Lunar Eclipse Times Recorded in Babylonian History”, Journal for the History of Astronomy, 24 (1994), 255-267 [ADS link].
Steele, John M., “Babylonian Predictions of Lunar and Solar Eclipse Times“, Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 28 (1996), 1305 [ADS link].
Steele, John M. & Stephenson, Francis Richard, “Lunar Eclipse Times Predicted by the Babylonians”, Journal for the History of Astronomy, 28 (1997), 119-131 [ADS link].
Steele, John M., “Solar Eclipse Times Predicted by the Babylonians”, Journal for the History of Astronomy, 28 (1997), 133-139 [ADS link].
Steele, John M., Stephenson, Francis Richard & Morrison, Leslie V., “The Accuracy of Eclipse Times Measured by the Babylonians”, Journal for the History of Astronomy, 28 (1997), 337-345 [ADS link].
Steele, John M., Observations and Predictions of Eclipse Times by Early Astronomers (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 2000 [= Archimedes, nr. 4]) (*).
Steele, John M., “Eclipse Prediction in Mesopotamia”, Archive for History of Exact Sciences, 54 (2000), 421-454 [SpringerLink].
Steele, John M., “A 3405: An Unusual Astronomical Text from Uruk”, Archive for History of Exact Sciences, 55 (2000), 103-135 [SpringerLink] – collection of dates and longitudes of planetary phenomena and lunar eclipses for the period SE 60 to 70.
Koch, Johannes, “Die Mondeklipsen von BM 41004 rev. 18”, Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Science and Medicine, 43 (2001), 176-183 [Blackwell-Synergy link].
Steele, John M., “The Meaning of BAR DIB in Late Babylonian Astronomical Texts”, Archiv für Orientforschung, 48/49 (2001/02), 107-112.
Steele, John M., “A Simple Function for the Length of the Saros in Babylonian Astronomy”, in: J.M. Steele & A. Imhausen (eds.), Under One Sky: Astronomy and Mathematics in the Ancient Near East (Ugarit-Verlag, Münster, 2002 [= Alter Orient und Altes Testament, nr. 297]), pp. 405-420.
Huber, Peter J. & de Meis, Salvo, Babylonian Eclipse Observations from 750 BC to 1 BC (Istituto Italiano per l’Africa e l’Oriente/Mimesis, Rome/Milan, 2004).
Steele, John M., “Ptolemy, Babylon and the Rotation of the Earth”, Astronomy & Geophysics, 46 (2005), nr. 5, 11-15 [Blackwell-Synergy link] – discusses lunar eclipses listed in BM 37088+37652 which occurred during the 22nd-23rd and 40th-43rd years of Artaxerxes II [383 to 382 B.C. and 364 to 362 B.C.].
Brack-Bernsen, Lis & Steele, John M., “Eclipse Prediction and the Length of the Saros in Babylonian Astronomy”, Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Science and Medicine, 47 (2005), 181-206 [Blackwell-Synergy link].
The Lunar Eclipses of the 7th Year of Cambyses
The text BM 33066 (78-11-7, 4 = Strm. Kambys. 400 = LBAT 1477) mentions two lunar eclipses (on 16 July 523 BC & 10 January 522 BC) that occurred during the 7th year of the Persian king Cambyses. The first lunar eclipse is also mentioned in Ptolemy’s Almagest (book V, chapter 14).
Pinches, Theophilus Goldridge, “An Astronomical or Astrological Tablet from Babylon”, The Babylonian & Oriental Record: A Monthly Magazine of the Antiquities of the East, 2 (1887/88), 202-207 [CAENO link].
Epping, Joseph, “Sachliche Erklärung des Tablets No. 400 der Cambyses-Inschriften”, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete, 5 (1890), 281-288.
Oppert, Jules, “Un annuaire astronomique chaldéen, utilisé par Ptolémée”, Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences, 111 (1890), 716-721 [Gallica link].
Oppert, Jules, “Un annuaire astronomique babylonien traduit en partie en grec par Ptolémée”, Journal asiatique, ou recueil de mémoires, d’extraits et de notices relatifs à l’histoire, à la philosophie, aux langues et à la littérature des peuples orientaux, sér. 8, 16 (1890), 511-532 [Gallica link].
Oppert, Jules, “Un texte babylonien astronomique et sa traduction greque d’après Claude Ptolémée”, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete, 6 (1891), 103-123.
Kugler, Franz Xaver, “Eine rätselvolle astronomische Keilinschrift (Strm. Kambys. 400)”, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete, 17 (1903), 203-238.
van der Waerden, Bartel Leendert, “Drei umstrittene Mondfinsternisse bei Ptolemaios”, Museum Helveticum, 15 (1958), 106-109.
Britton, John P., Models and Precision: The Quality of Ptolemy’s Observations and Parameters (Garland Publishing, New York/London, 1992 [= Sources and Studies in the History and Philosophy of Classical Science, nr. 1]).
Babylonian Observations of Lunar Eclipses in Ptolemy’s Almagest
Ptolemy’s Almagest mentions the details of ten lunar eclipses that were originally recorded in Babylon:
In the 1st year of Mardokempad ([27th year from Nabonassar], 29/30 Thoth of the Egyptian calendar = 19/20 March 721 BC), a lunar eclipse began well an hour after moonrise at Babylon and was total (Almagest IV 6).
In the 2nd year of Mardokempad ([28th year from Nabonassar], 18/19 Thoth of the Egyptian calendar = 8/9 March 720 BC), a lunar eclipse occurred with a [maximum] obscuration of 3 digits from the south at midnight in Babylon (Almagest IV 6 & 9).
In the 2nd year of Mardokempad ([28th year from Nabonassar], 15/16 Phamenoth of the Egyptian calendar = 1/2 September 720 BC), a lunar eclipse began after moonrise and the [maximum] obscuration was more than half [the diameter] from the north (Almagest IV 6).
In the 5th year of Nabopolassar (127th year from Nabonassar, 27/28 Athyr of the Egyptian calendar = 21/22 April 621 BC), a lunar eclipse began at the end of the 11th hour in Babylon. The maximum obscuration was 1/4 of the diameter from the south (Almagest V 14).
In the 7th year of Cambyses (225th year from Nabonassar, 17/18 Phamenoth of the Egyptian calendar = 16/17 July 523 BC), the Moon was eclipsed half its diameter from the north at one hour before midnight in Babylon (Almagest V 14).
In the 20th year of Darius I ([246th year from Nabonassar], 28/29 Epiphi of the Egyptian calendar = 19/20 November 502 BC), the Moon was obscured 1/4 of its diameter from the south when 6 1/3 equinoctial hours of the night had passed in Babylon (Almagest IV 9).
In the 31st year of Darius I ([257th year from Nabonassar], 3/4 Tybi of the Egyptian calendar = 25/26 April 491 BC), the Moon was obscured 2 digits from the south at the middle of the 6th hour [of the night] in Babylon (Almagest IV 9).
During the archonship of Phanostratos at Athens, in the month Poseideon (366th year from Nabonassar, 26/27 Thoth of the Egyptian calendar = 22/23 December 383 BC), a small section of the Moon’s diameter was eclipsed from the summer rising-point [north-east] when half an hour of the night was remaining. The Moon was still [partially] eclipsed at moonset (Almagest IV 11).
During the archonship of Phanostratos at Athens, in the month Skirophorion (366th year from Nabonassar, 24/25 Phamenoth of the Egyptian calendar = 18/19 June 382 BC), the Moon was eclipsed from the summer rising-point [north-east] when the first hour [of the night] was well advanced (Almagest IV 11).
During the archonship of Euandros at Athens, in the month Poseideon I (367th year from Nabonassar, 16/17 Thoth of the Egyptian calendar = 12/13 December 382 BC), the Moon was totally eclipsed, from the summer rising-point [north-east], after 4 hours [of the night] had passed (Almagest IV 11).
So far, the 5th and the last three observations have been found duplicated in cuneiform records.